Quality Mgt

Reliability Prediction
Process Capability
goal- produce high volume w/ low defect
world class quality - part per million (ppm)

Sig Sigma

Design program emphasizes engineering control process

2 type of Capability study

1)Peak performance study - how it perform ide0ly
2)Process characterization study -how it perform in actual


1) choose a representative machine or process
2) define the process conditions
3) select a representative operator
4) provide the right materials
5) Specify the gauging or measurement method
6) record the measurements
7) construct a histogram graph

Process Capability Index
C_p=(USL-LSL)/6σ
C_pu=(USL-u)/3σ
C_pl= (u-LTC)/3σ
c_pk=min{C_pl,C_pk}

None centered process choose C_pk with lower tolerance between C_pu or C_pl

Capability requirements
* Process must be normally distributed
* Process must be in control
* Process capaple result:
<1.00 = not capaple
<1.33 = capable, but not acceptable
>1.33 = capable, and acceptable
>2.00 = capable and acceptable (6 sigma)
>5 or 10 = overkill, excessive resource

Capability vs Control

Control only look at variation of process
Capability concern with customer specification

Evolution - Quality Control
come out of Bell lab

Quality Assurance (QA)
-Attemp to raise awareness of quality
*Relate to "guaranteeing quality" of the product
*Put additional emphasis on design
- DFMEA (or FMEA)
- Concurrent engineering
- Process improvement

Total Quality Control (TQC)
Company-Wide Quality Control - all employee should participates

TQM

Six Sigma

Kaizen - Ongoing improvement daily
Hoshin - making long term objective, or break thru objective
Hoshin Kanri - how are u going to achieve Hoshin
Jidoka - Automatinaton detect of defects a) detect defects b) Method of stopping production
Poka-Yoke - by Shigeo Shingo, fail safing or mistake proofing. ie. backup battery in smoke alarm.

Value Chain - are task that add values to customer
chain of customer - customer, seller, customer, seller
supply chain management- who are u'r supplier, sub contract & main contract, logistic, warehouse
Supplier Partnering - trend torward developing close relationship, with fewer supplierLean Operation (JIT), Single source, Dual sourcing

Supplier Parnering
look at them at financial stability, geography, long term labor relation, performance, quality statistic, price stability
supplier certification
supplier audit
Electronic data Interchange (EDI)

Sole-source filters
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Vendor Management Inventory